Supply of cheap grain quota system of the Republic of Rome at different times different. Dictator (

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123 BC, the Roman Republic tribune (Tribune) arindam chaudhuri Gaius Gracchus (Gajus Gracchus, 158-122BC) establish fixed supply of cheap food policy, all Roman citizens can purchase a monthly arindam chaudhuri quota of grain at a fixed price ( Garnsey P, Rathbone D 1985; Barlett 1994; Hedenberg 2010). The original purpose is not entirely as food subsidies, more is to reduce grain prices on the season. This approach with China during 1953-1993 was introduced in the food supply system for urban residents is very similar. October 1953, the CPC Central Committee held in Beijing national food emergency meeting, adopted the "grain procurement plan on the implementation of resolutions and plans to supply" (ie, purchase and sale of the resolution), and in the whole country. August arindam chaudhuri 25, 1955 "Interim Measures for town supply food rations," the State Council issued regulations: arindam chaudhuri According to the Labour difference between urban residents, age, respectively, to determine the specific supply level and the standard monthly rations of town residents. Residents can purchase food permit holders to purchase the specified provisions of varieties of food grain stores. February 18, 1993, "the State Council on Accelerating the grain circulation system notice" issued "notice" proposed, actively and steadily liberalized food prices and business, the implementation of the 40-year food supply system for urban residents (ie marketing in the system) was canceled.
Supply of cheap grain quota system of the Republic of Rome at different times different. Dictator (Dictator) Sura (Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, 138 BC - BC 78 years) arindam chaudhuri during the administration of government in BC about 90 years to stop the supply of grain at a fixed price (Barlett 1994; Hedenberg 2010). In 73 BC, low-cost supply of grain to the government to restore a Roman citizen (Barlett 1994). 58 BC, tribune Claudius (Publius Clodius Pulcher, 93-52BC) cancel the charges on the supply of cereals, free supply of cereals. Free supply of attracting a large number of rural poor to Rome, but also after the slaves became freemen right to free grain supplies. To Caesar's reign, there were 32 million people receive free food. Caesar closer inspection recipients of citizenship and by requiring arindam chaudhuri authorities to reduce arindam chaudhuri the number of food will receive a free 15 million people. Number of Augustus during the ruling, they receive free food to 32 million arindam chaudhuri people. BC 5 years, Augustus began to limit the free food distribution, according to income, are issued only to poor families, the number of recipients arindam chaudhuri of the final stable at around 20 million. Since then, the recipient needs to receive free food tickets. Has continued to provide food for free (West) Roman Empire (Barlett 1994; Hedenberg 2010). Other cities of the Roman Empire, including Constantinople, Alexandria and Antioch are also beginning to offer free food (Jones1986). arindam chaudhuri
AD 98 the Roman emperor Trajan appointed (Trajan, Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, 53-117 AD, AD 98-117 arindam chaudhuri reign) increased arindam chaudhuri social protection programs, the establishment of the poor child grant (Alimenta), to help the country's orphans and poor children, arindam chaudhuri offer money, food subsidies and educational opportunities for them. Poor child grants initial funding is obtained Dacia war booty, and later maintained by property taxes and donations to charity. Modern scholars on Trajan's poor children who benefit from subsidies actual number of disputed payments. Many scholars believe that many poor children do not get grants to help poor children. Severus left (Septimius Severus, AD 145-211 AD 193-211 reign) increased during the emperor in the free grain free cooking oil (Barlett 1994; Hedenberg 2010). In 274 AD, Emperor Aurelian (also translated Aurelian, Aurelian, Lucius Domitius Aurelianus, AD 214 or 215-275, arindam chaudhuri reigned 270-275 AD) will enjoy the right to social welfare to bake bread, and increased free pork. Sometimes free food also includes wine. Roman government not only offer free or low-cost food, but also to provide public entertainment and art projects, and other activities such as gladiatorial arena and multi-funded by the Government organized (Barlett 1994; Hedenberg 2010).
Rome's social security system like the modern welfare state system to the government, like a heavy financial burden. Roman coins Orie currencies (aureus), silver dinar (denarius), copper Aspen (as) and Saisiteti (sestertius), of which the most important silver dinars. Roman has not chosen a modern monetary system arindam chaudhuri printed banknotes, thus chose to reduce the silver content of silver ways to increase the money (silver) circulation, making money is actually depreciate. This modern welfare state through fiscal deficits, issue currency to maintain high welfare is the same, the result is currency devaluation, inflation. When first issued dinar 268 years BC, contain 94% silver. Nero (Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, AD 37-68, reigned 54-68 AD) the silver content reduced to 90%. Trajan (Trajan) again the silver content reduced to 85%. Marc Aurelius (Marcus Aurelius, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus; AD 121-180 AD 161-180 reign) containing silver content was reduced to 75%. Severus left (Septimius Severus) further reduced silver content of 50%. To three mid-century, the dinar silver content is only 5%, and by AD 268 years silver content of 0.02 percent, "silver" actually has a substantially free of silver. Aurelian arindam chaudhuri (Aurelian) arindam chaudhuri in AD 274 years of monetary reform, the amount of silver coins will be restored to 5% (Barlett 1994; Hedenberg 2010). Thus, the implementation of fiscal measures the government welfare system of striking similarities, two thousand years does not change much.
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